85亿美元投资，芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场最具竞争力的投标，来看一下
8.5 Billion USD Investment, the Most Competitive Biddings for O’Hare International Airport
机场就是张城市名片，谁都想跟全球人民展现下硬实力。芝加哥搞了个国际竞赛，最终5强都是国际上有名的大公司：卡拉特拉瓦、福斯特、SOM、Studio ORD、Fentress+EXP+Brook+Garza.
An airport is the ‘Name Card’ of the city, a hard power showcased to the world. An international competition is currently underway in Chicago for bidding of O’Hare Airport reconstruction with five tenderers survived for the final run. All these are top famous designing firms across the globe: Santiago Calatrava, Foster + Partners, SOM, Studio ORD, Fentress+EXP+Brook+Garza.
神仙打架，哪家强？一起往下看看！
Supernatural fighting, who’s going to win? Let’s take a look!
01
长翅膀的大鸟机场
A giant bird airport with wings
圣地亚哥·卡拉特拉瓦方案
Design of Santiago Calatrava
建筑像鸟，结构轻盈优美，是卡拉特拉瓦的设计风格。
The building is like a lightweight bird with graceful structure, the designing style of Calatrava.
他在机场原有的六边形基地上，补齐了六边形的一个缺角，让机场整体形态化身为一只充满动势的巨鸟，准备起飞。
To be built on its hexagonal base by adding a missing corner, the overall form of the airport will be incarnated into a dynamic giant bird ready to fly.
建筑入口屋顶延伸向外，形成建筑雨棚，既顺应了建筑形式，又为乘客提供了方便。
The roof at the building’s entrance is stretched outwards to form a canopy, well-adjusted to an architectural whole bringing convenience to the passengers.
机场内部结构形成了纵深向内的整齐序列，让整个中庭充满了空间秩序感。
The interior structures are aligned neatly and deeply inward, letting the whole atrium fill with a good sense of spatial order.
该方案最大特色，是这座航站楼能为乘客们提供全部机场运营服务，其中包括安检、登机、起降和提取行李等操作。
The scheme’ most striking feature is that this terminal offers all operational services to the passengers, including security check, boarding, taking off, landing and baggage claim etc.
这个具有突破性的独立航站楼，让乘客一进入就能感知到功能和空间的布置，方便乘客进行相应操作。
The breakthrough design of this independent terminal lies in its functional and spatial layout perceivable by sight, thus to facilitate passengers.
而这将会打破机场原有的成熟功能布置，并且方案造价不会太低，就看芝加哥政府是不是卡拉特拉瓦的真爱粉了。
And this means a removal of the existing functional arrangements of the airport, in addition to the plan’s not too low cost. Let’s see if Chicago Government is the real fan of Calatrava.
02
大跨度的山洞机场
A large-span cave airport
Foster + Partners，Epstein，Moreno
Design of Foster + Partners, Epstein and Moreno
Foster + Partners 、Epstein和Moreno联弹，创造了芝加哥新的人造景观——山洞机场。
The joint effort of Foster + Partners, Epstein, Moreno, to create a manmade scenery in Chicago – the cave airport.
建筑表皮设计简洁，天花顶由钢筋作骨，玻璃夹在其中。
With simplistic design for the architectural surface, the ceiling is made of iron beams and joists with glasses in between.
三个巨大的白色钢拱，连成一体，在外部看弧度优美，在内部犹如深处巨大洞穴。
Three gigantic white arches are combined into one, curved gracefully looking from outside, and resembling a huge cave from inside.
福斯特说：我怀着对飞行的热爱，和对这座城市的热爱，来设计这个项目，这座城市所具有的能量，非凡的地理位置，音乐文化和户外雕塑，都深深地吸引了我。
I came to design this project with my love in flight and for this city. The energy of this city, as well as its extraordinary geographical location, musical culture and outdoor sculptures are all attractive to me, said Foster.
03
波浪天花板机场
Wave ceiling airport
SOM建筑事务所
Designed by SOM
平淡的机场方案，因屋顶透出的微光，而产生一种内有乾坤的感觉。
Plain design, with lights glimmered from its rooftop, casts an inclusive feeling of being self-sufficient.
稳健，是这个美国老牌SOM建筑事务所的标签。
Solidity is a label of SOM, an old US brand.
而有评论家说：这个方案里低矮的屋顶，仿佛一个弯曲的华夫饼。
Some critics said that given a low roof in the design, it looks like a curved waffle.
SOM面对质疑很实际回应：这个设计方案能保证绝不超出政府的预算。这话似乎让人感觉在影射某卡的设计。
Facing the critic’s assertion, SOM responded quiet business-like: this design is guaranteed not to exceed the government budget, a kind of insinuation against someone in this remark.
进入华夫饼航站楼后，是两层通高的大空间，乘客能感受到与室外截然不同的浪漫体验。
Entering waffle terminal is a big space at the height of two floors. The passengers may experience some romantic feelings sheer different from outside.
波浪般起伏不定的天花板，加上漫射的均匀天光，营造了一种动态的空间感受。
Wave-like undulating ceiling, plus diffuse skylights, jointly create a kind of dynamically spatial sensation.
结构柱和起伏的大跨度屋顶，犹如一大片的树林种在机场，因为这曾有果园的历史记忆。
With structural columns and undulating large-span roof, it looks as if there were a large forest inside, a historical memory of orchards in this land before.
室内也种有挺多的植物，重新定义了机场看绿植的方式，四季树景各不同。
There are indeed many greeneries indoors, to redefine the way to look at plantations at the airport that are bound to be varied with seasons.
这里还提供有健身和冥想功能的空间场所，是美国第一个这样做的交通枢纽。
There are also some spaces for fitness and meditation, which is the very first one among traffic hubs in USA.
04
长刺的木构机场
Wooden structure airport with thorns
Studio ORD
Designed by Studio ORD
远远看去，凌厉的线条让它看起来像一只长刺的三锥形飞碟。
Looking afar, it has slashing lines conjuring up a tri-conical flying saucer with thorns.
设计团队是来自芝加哥本土的Studio ORD，有设计主场优势。
The designer is Studio ORD from Chicago with home advantage.
三锥形的建筑形体，极大提高了机场运输效率和连通性。
Tri-conical shape will largely enhance the airport’s traffic efficiency and connectivity.
机场内部的木构褶皱方向，隐约为乘客们标明功能导向。
The direction of these wooden structural folds implies functional orientations for the passengers.
屋顶跨度有100英尺，由Y形结构柱支撑，这种结构能确保空间灵活性。
The roof span has 100 feet, propped up by Y-shaped structural columns, which can ensure spatial flexibility.
Studio ORD喜欢运用自然理念做设计，这次方案用温暖的木质结构作为天花板的骨架，来代替冰冷的钢铁材料。
Studio ORD likes to adopt nature as its design concept. Its scheme uses wooden structures as the ceiling’s framework, instead of cold irons.
用木材一是为了体现自然的设计理念，二是能提高航站楼的保温性能，减少能耗损失。
Using woods is to embody the great nature, as well as improve the thermal insulation of the terminal building and reduce its energy consumption,
05
山脉层层叠机场
Mountain ranges airport
Fentress+EXP+Brook+Garza
Designed by Fentress+EXP+Brook+Garza
Fentress+EXP+Brook+Garza联手设计的白色机场方案，乍一眼看，有种简约版的卡拉特拉瓦方案既视感。
Designed jointly by Fentress+EXP+Brook+Garza, it has a sense of ‘Déjà vu’ for a simplified Calatrava’s design at the first glance.
明朗的条形天窗，透亮的立面大玻璃，让整个机场沐浴在自然光下。
Bright strip dormer roof and large glass façade allow the whole airport bathing in the natural light.
方案优点很明显，就是能比卡拉特拉瓦的方案造价便宜些。
Its advantage is quite obvious, lower cost than Calatrava’s design.
06
城市酷不酷，就看机场了！
Whether a city is cool or not depends on its airport!
前有“新世界七大奇迹”的北京大兴国际机场，魔幻！
Previously, there is Beijing Daxing International Airport, one of the ‘New Seven Wonders of the World’, fantastically stunning!
△北京大兴国际机场鸟瞰 Bird’s-eye view of Beijing Daxing International Airport
后有震撼全球的新加坡瀑布星耀樟宜机场，脑洞！
Then, there comes Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore, filled with unbelievable imaginations!
△新加坡星耀樟宜机场
△ Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore
机场就是一座城市的脸面，全世界都看着。机场不再单是交通枢纽，它就像一个城市的乐园。
The airport is the face of a city, to be watched by the whole world. It is not jut a traffic hub, but an urban paradise.
△新加坡星耀樟宜机场
△ Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore
正如研究城市的重度患者库哈斯在《普通城市》中写道：
Just like Rem Koolhaas, an incurable urban-study addict, wrote in his Generic City:
机场是普通城市最简单，最具有个性的元素之一，并可以成为具有象征意义的符号铭刻在世界的集合中。机场的发展趋势是越来越自成一体，有时甚至脱离城市存在。它们正在代替城市，有时成为普通城市存在的原因。
Airport is the simplest and the most individualistic factor in a generic city, a symbol imprinted in the aggregation of the world. The trend of airport development is becoming increasingly self-contained, and sometimes, it exists on its own without the city. They are replacing the cities, and becoming the reasons for existence of generic cities.
△新加坡星耀樟宜机场 Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore
对于传统建筑学的「形式服从功能」，民众已经不太买单了。快速刺激感官的新颖形式，才是能打动大众的美好设计模样。
People will no longer buy the concept as ‘Form follows Function’ in the traditional architecture. Only the new forms of rapid sensory stimulation can set as a model and impress the masses
城市要想起飞，先从机场设计开始。
A city wishing to fly starts with its airport design.
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[中文原文及图像来源：米兰设计之旅]
